Chiyambi cha mawu ofala a pampu (1) - kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi zitsanzo

1. Kuyenda-Amatanthauza kuchuluka kapena kulemera kwa madzi omwe amaperekedwa ndipompu yamadziPa nthawi ya unit. Yofotokozedwa ndi Q, mayunitsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi m3/h, m3/s kapena L/s, t/h.

2. Mutu–Amatanthauza mphamvu yowonjezera yonyamula madzi ndi mphamvu yokoka kuchokera ku polowera kupita ku potulukira pa mpope wa madzi, ndiko kuti, mphamvu yomwe imapezeka madzi ndi mphamvu yokoka ya unit ikadutsa mu mpope wa madzi. Pofotokozedwa ndi h, unit ndi Nm/N, yomwe nthawi zambiri imafotokozedwa ndi kutalika kwa mzere wamadzi pomwe madzi amapopedwa; Nthawi zina uinjiniya umafotokozedwa ndi mphamvu ya mpweya, ndipo unit yovomerezeka ndi kPa kapena MPa.

 ( Zindikirani: Chigawo: m/p = ρ gh)

Malinga ndi tanthauzo lake:

H=E_d-E_s

E_d- Mphamvu pa unit kulemera kwa madzi pa outlet flange yapompu yamadzi;

Es-Energy pa unit kulemera kwa madzi pa flange yolowera ya pampu yamadzi.

E_d=Z _d + P _d/ ρg + V²_d /2g

E_s=Z _s+ P_s / ρg+V²_s /2g

Kawirikawiri, mutu womwe uli pa dzina la pampu uyenera kukhala ndi magawo awiri otsatirawa. Gawo limodzi ndi kutalika kwa mutu komwe kumayesedwa, ndiko kuti, kutalika koyima kuchokera pamwamba pa madzi a dziwe lolowera kupita pamwamba pa madzi a dziwe lotulukira. Lodziwika kuti mutu weniweni, gawo lake ndi kutayika kwa kukana panjira pamene madzi akudutsa mu payipi, kotero posankha mutu wa pampu, uyenera kukhala chiwerengero cha mutu weniweni ndi kutayika kwa mutu, ndiko kuti:

Chitsanzo cha kuwerengera mutu wa pampu

Ngati mukufuna kupereka madzi ku nyumba yayitali, tiyerekeze kuti madzi omwe alipo pa pampu ndi 50m.³/h, ndipo kutalika koyima kuchokera pamwamba pa madzi a dziwe lolowera mpaka pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri wa madzi otumizira ndi 54m, kutalika konse kwa payipi yotumizira madzi ndi 150m, m'mimba mwake wa payipi ndi Ф80mm, yokhala ndi valavu imodzi pansi, valavu imodzi ya chipata ndi valavu imodzi yosabwerera, ndi ma bend asanu ndi atatu 900 okhala ndi r/d = z, kodi mutu wa pampu ndi waukulu bwanji kuti ukwaniritse zofunikira?

Yankho:

Kuchokera kumayambiriro pamwambapa, tikudziwa kuti mutu wa pampu ndi:

H =H_zenizeni +H _kutayika

Kumene: H ndi kutalika koyima kuchokera pamwamba pa madzi a thanki yolowera mpaka pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri wonyamulira madzi, ndiko kuti: H_zenizeni= 54m

H_kutayikandi mitundu yonse ya zotayika zomwe zikubwera, zomwe zimawerengedwa motere:

Mapaipi odziwika bwino otulutsa madzi ndi otulutsa madzi, zigongono, ma valve, ma valve osabwerera, ma valve apansi ndi mainchesi ena a mapaipi ndi 80mm, kotero malo ake opingasa ndi awa:

Pamene liwiro la madzi lili 50 m³/h (0.0139 m)³/s), avareji ya kuchuluka kwa madzi yomwe ikugwirizana ndi iyi:

Kutayika kwa kukana m'mimba mwake wa H, malinga ndi deta, pamene kuchuluka kwa madzi oyenda ndi 2.76 m/s, kutayika kwa chitoliro chachitsulo cha mamita 100 chomwe chazipa pang'ono ndi 13.1 m, chomwe ndi chofunikira pa polojekitiyi yopereka madzi.

Kutayika kwa chitoliro chotulutsira madzi, chigongono, valavu, valavu yowunikira ndi valavu yapansi ndi2.65m.

Mutu wa liwiro wotulutsira madzi kuchokera ku nozzle:

Chifukwa chake, mutu wonse wa H wa pampu ndi

H _mutu= H _zenizeni + H _{kutayika konse}=54+19.65+2.65+0.388 = 76.692 (m)

Posankha madzi okwera kwambiri, pampu yoperekera madzi yokhala ndi madzi osapitirira 50m³/ h ndi mutu osachepera 77 (m) ziyenera kusankhidwa.