Intangiriro ku magambo asanzwe ya pompe (1) – umuvuduko w'amazi n'ingero

1. Urugendo–Bivuga ingano cyangwa uburemere bw'amazi atangwa napompe y'amazikuri buri gice cy'igihe. Bigaragazwa na Q, ibipimo bikunze gukoreshwa ni m3/h, m3/s cyangwa L/s, t/h.

2. Umutwe–Byerekeza ku kwiyongera kw'ingufu zo gutwara amazi akoresheje uburemere bw'igice kuva aho yinjira kugera aho ipompo y'amazi isohoka, ni ukuvuga ingufu ziboneka nyuma y'uko amazi afite uburemere bw'igice anyuze muri pompe y'amazi. Bigaragazwa na h, igice ni Nm/N, gikunze kugaragazwa n'uburebure bw'inkingi y'amazi aho amazi asunikwa; Ubuhanga rimwe na rimwe bugaragazwa n'umuvuduko w'ikirere, naho igice cyemewe n'amategeko ni kPa cyangwa MPa.

 (Inyandiko: Igice: m/p = ρ gh)

Dukurikije ibisobanuro:

H=E_d-E_s

E_d-Ingufu kuri buri gice cy'uburemere bw'amazi ku gikoresho cyo gusohokeramo cy'umuyoboropompe y'amazi;

Es-Energy kuri buri gice cy'uburemere bw'amazi ku gice cy'ipompe y'amazi yinjiramo.

E_d=Z _d + P _d/ ρg + V²_d /2g

E_s=Z _s+ P_s / ρg+V²_s /2g

Ubusanzwe, umutwe uri ku rupapuro rw'amazina rwa pompe ugomba kuba urimo ibice bibiri bikurikira. Igice kimwe ni uburebure bw'umutwe bupimirwa, ni ukuvuga uburebure buhagaze kuva ku buso bw'amazi y'ikidendezi cy'amazi kugera ku buso bw'amazi y'ikidendezi cy'amazi. Bizwi nk'umutwe nyawo, igice cyawo ni igihombo cy'ubudahangarwa mu nzira iyo amazi anyuze mu muyoboro, bityo mu guhitamo umutwe wa pompe, bigomba kuba igiteranyo cy'umutwe nyawo n'igihombo cy'umutwe, ni ukuvuga:

Urugero rw'ibarura ry'umutwe wa pompe

Niba ushaka gutanga amazi ku nyubako ndende, reka tuvuge ko amazi atangwa n'ipompo ari metero 50³/h, kandi uburebure buhagaze kuva ku buso bw'amazi y'ikidendezi kugeza ku rugero rwo hejuru rw'amazi atwara ni metero 54, uburebure bwose bw'umuyoboro w'amazi ni metero 150, umurambararo w'umuyoboro ni mm 80, ufite valve imwe yo hasi, valve imwe yo kwinjira n'ivali imwe idasubira inyuma, hamwe n'impande umunani 900 zifite r/d = z, umutwe wa pompe ungana iki kugira ngo wujuje ibisabwa?

Umuti:

Dukurikije intangiriro yavuzwe haruguru, tuzi ko umutwe wa pompe ari:

H =H_nyayo +H _igihombo

Aho: H ni uburebure buhagaze uhereye ku buso bw'amazi y'ikigega cy'amazi yinjira kugeza ku rugero rwo hejuru cyane rw'amazi atwara, ni ukuvuga: H_nyayo= metero 54

H_igihomboni ubwoko bwose bw'igihombo kiri mu nzira, kibarwa ku buryo bukurikira:

Imiyoboro ikoreshwa mu gukurura no gusohora amazi, inkokora, valve, valve zidasubiza amazi inyuma, valve zo hasi n'indi miyoboro ifite umurambararo wa mm 80, bityo ubuso bwayo bungana na:

Iyo umuvuduko w'amazi ari metero 50³/h (0.0139 m³/s), igipimo mpuzandengo cy’umuvuduko w’amazi gihuye ni:

Igihombo cy’ubudahangarwa ku murambararo wa H, nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, iyo umuvuduko w’amazi ari 2.76 m/s, igihombo cy’umuyoboro w’icyuma wa metero 100 wangiritse gato ni 13.1 m, ari na byo bikenewe muri uyu mushinga wo gutanga amazi.

Gutakaza umuyoboro w'amazi, inkokora, valve, valve yo kugenzura na valve yo hasi ni2.65m.

Umutwe w'umuvuduko wo gusohora amazi mu ruhu:

Bityo rero, umutwe wose wa H wa pompe ni

H _umutwe= H _nyayo + H _{igihombo cyose}=54+19.65+2.65+0.388 = 76.692 (m)

Mu guhitamo amazi maremare, pompe y'amazi ifite amazi anyuramo nibura metero 50³/ h n'umutwe bitari munsi ya 77 (m) bigomba gutoranywa.