Mu guhitamo pompe z'amazi, niba guhitamo kudakwiye, ikiguzi gishobora kuba kinini cyangwa imikorere nyayo ya pompe ishobora kudahura n'ibyo ikoreshwa. Noneho tanga urugero kugira ngo ugaragaze amahame amwe n'amwe pompe y'amazi igomba gukurikiza.
Guhitamo pompe ikoresha amazi abiri bigomba kwitabwaho ku ngingo zikurikira:
1. Umuvuduko:
Umuvuduko usanzwe ugenwa hakurikijwe ibyo umukiriya akeneye. Uko umuvuduko w'ipompo imwe uba muto, umuvuduko w'amazi n'ubwikorezi bijyana na yo bizagabanuka. Mu guhitamo icyitegererezo, ni ngombwa kuzirikana imikorere y'ubukungu gusa, ahubwo no ku miterere y'aho ikoreshwa, nko: ubushyuhe bw'icyuma gikoreshwa, ubushobozi bwo kwangirika, ubushobozi bwo kwishyira hejuru, ibintu bitera guhindagurika, nibindi.
2. Kugena NPSH:
NPSH ishobora kugenwa hakurikijwe agaciro katanzwe n'umukiriya, cyangwa hakurikijwe imiterere y'aho ipompe yinjira, ubushyuhe buringaniye n'umuvuduko w'ikirere uri aho hantu:
Kubara uburebure bw'ipompe y'amazi (uburyo bworoshye bwo kuyishyiraho: hakurikijwe igitutu gisanzwe cy'ikirere n'ubushyuhe busanzwe bw'amazi) ni ubu bukurikira:
Muri byo: hg—uburebure bw’igenamiterere (agaciro keza ni ugukurura hejuru, agaciro ka hasi ni ugusubira inyuma);
—Umutwe w'amazi afite umuvuduko w'ikirere aho ashyirwa (ubazwe nka metero 10.33 ukurikije umuvuduko usanzwe w'ikirere n'amazi meza);
hc—igihombo cya hydraulic; (niba umuyoboro w'amazi ari mugufi kandi woroshye, ubusanzwe ubarwa nka 0.5m)
—Umutwe w'igitutu cy'umwuka ushyushye; (amazi meza ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba abarwa nka 0.24m)
— NPSH yemewe; (kugira ngo urebe neza umutekano, banza urebe hakurikijwe NPSHr×1.2, NPSHr reba muri kataloge)
Urugero, NPSH NPSHr=4m: Hanyuma: hg=10.33-0.5-0.24-(4×1.2)=4.79 m (igisubizo cyo kwishyura ni agaciro keza, bivuze ko gishobora gukurura kugeza kuri ≤4.79m, ni ukuvuga ko urwego rw'amazi yinjira rushobora kuba muri impeller Muri metero 4.79 munsi y'umurongo wo hagati; niba iri munsi y'umuvuduko ukabije, igomba gusukwa inyuma, kandi agaciro ko gusukwa inyuma kagomba kuba karenze agaciro kabazwe, ni ukuvuga ko urwego rw'amazi yinjira rushobora kuba hejuru y'agaciro kabazwe hejuru y'umurongo wo hagati w'impeller).
Ibi bivuzwe haruguru bibarwa hakurikijwe ubushyuhe busanzwe, amazi meza n'ubutumburuke busanzwe. Niba ubushyuhe, ubucucike n'ubutumburuke bw'umwuka bidasanzwe, kugira ngo hirindwe gucikamo ibice n'ibindi bibazo bigira ingaruka ku mikorere isanzwe ya pompe, agaciro gakwiye gutoranywa kagasimbuzwa mu buryo bwo kubara. Muri byo, ubushyuhe n'ubucucike bw'umwuka bibarwa hakurikijwe agaciro gahuye muri "Umuvuduko w'amazi n'ubucucike bw'amazi ku bushyuhe butandukanye", kandi ubutumburuke bubarwa hakurikijwe agaciro gahuye muri "Ubutumburuke n'Umuvuduko w'ikirere w'imijyi minini mu gihugu". Ikindi kintu cyemewe cya NPSH ni ukugira ngo umutekano ugenzurwe, hakurikijwe NPSHr×1.4 (iki giciro ni nibura 1.4).
3. Iyo igitutu cy’ipompe isanzwe kiri ≤0.2MPa, iyo igitutu cy’ipompe + umutwe × inshuro 1.5 ≤ igitutu cy’umuvuduko, hitamo ukurikije ibikoresho bisanzwe;
Igitutu cy’injira + umutwe × inshuro 1.5 > igitutu cyo gufunga, ibikoresho bisanzwe byujuje ibisabwa bigomba gukoreshwa; niba igitutu cy’injira kiri hejuru cyane cyangwa igitutu cy’igerageza kiri hejuru cyane, nibindi bitujuje ibisabwa, nyamuneka wemeze ukoresheje ikoranabuhanga ryo gusimbuza ibikoresho cyangwa gusana ibumba no kongera ubugari bw’urukuta;
4. Imiterere isanzwe y’imashini zifunga pompe ni: M7N, M74 na M37G-G92, iyo umuntu akoresha bitewe n’imiterere y’imashini, ibikoresho bisanzwe by’imashini zifunga: bikomeye/byoroshye (tungsten carbide/grafite); iyo igitutu cy’injira ari ≥0.8MPa, hagomba gutoranywamo imashini ifunga neza;
5. Ni byiza ko ubushyuhe buri hagati ya pompe ikuramo amazi inshuro ebyiri butagomba kurenza 120°C. Iyo 100°C ≤ ubushyuhe buri hagati ≤ 120°C, pompe isanzwe igomba gusanwa: aho ifunga n'igice cy'aho ifata amazi bigomba kuba bifite amazi akonje hanze y'aho ikonjesha; impeta zose za pompe zikozwe muri byombi: rubber ya fluorine (harimo n'imashini ifunga).
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-10-2023