Ekukhetheni amaphampu amanzi, uma ukukhetha kungafanele, izindleko zingase zibe phezulu noma ukusebenza kwangempela kwephampu kungase kungahlangabezani nezidingo zendawo. Manje nikeza isibonelo ukuze ubonise ezinye izimiso okudingeka zilandelwe yiphampu yamanzi.
Ukukhethwa kwephampu yokufutha kabili kufanele kunake amaphuzu alandelayo:
1. Isivinini:
Ijubane elijwayelekile linqunywa ngokwezidingo ezinikezwe ikhasimende. Uma ijubane lephampu efanayo liphansi, izinga lokugeleza elihambisanayo kanye nokuphakamisa kuzoncipha. Lapho ukhetha imodeli, kubalulekile ukucabangela hhayi kuphela ukusebenza kwezomnotho, kodwa futhi nezimo zendawo, njengokuthi: ukuthambekela kwe-medium, ukumelana nokuguguleka, ikhono lokuzilungiselela, izici zokudlidliza, njll.
2. Ukunqunywa kwe-NPSH:
I-NPSH inganqunywa ngokwenani elinikezwe yikhasimende, noma ngokwezimo zokungena zepompo, izinga lokushisa eliphakathi kanye nengcindezi yomoya endaweni:
Ukubalwa kokuphakama kokufakwa kwephampu yamanzi (i-algorithm elula: ngokuya ngomfutho womoya ojwayelekile kanye nokushisa okuvamile kwamanzi) kungokulandelayo:
Phakathi kwazo: i-hg—ukuphakama kokufakwa kwejometri (inani elihle liwukudonswa phezulu, inani elibi liwukugeleza okuphambene);
—Inhloko yamanzi engcindezi yomoya endaweni yokufakwa (ebalwa njengo-10.33m ngaphansi kwengcindezi ejwayelekile yomoya kanye namanzi acwebile);
hc—ukulahlekelwa kwe-hydraulic kokumunca; (uma ipayipi lokungena lifushane futhi lilula, ngokuvamile libalwa njengo-0.5m)
—Ikhanda lokucindezela kokuhwamuka; (amanzi acwebile ekushiseni kwegumbi abalwa njengo-0.24m)
— I-NPSH evumelekile; (ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha, bala ngokuya nge-NPSHr×1.2, NPSHr bheka ikhathalogi)
Isibonelo, i-NPSH NPSHr=4m: Bese kuthi: hg=10.33-0.5-0.24-(4×1.2)=4.79 m (umphumela wokuxazulula uyinani elihle, kusho ukuthi lingamunca kufika ku-≤4.79m, okungukuthi, izinga lokungena kwamanzi lingaba ku-impeller Ngaphakathi kuka-4.79m ngaphansi komugqa ophakathi; uma lingaphansi kwengcindezi engemihle, kumele lithululwe emuva, futhi inani lokuthulula emuva kumele libe likhulu kunenani elibalwe, okungukuthi, izinga lokungena kwamanzi lingaba ngaphezu kwenani elibalwe ngaphezu komugqa ophakathi we-impeller).
Lokhu okungenhla kubalwa ngaphansi kwesimo sokushisa okuvamile, amanzi acwebile kanye nokuphakama okuvamile. Uma izinga lokushisa, ubuningi kanye nokuphakama kwendawo ephakathi kungavamile, ukuze kugwenywe ukugoba kanye nezinye izinkinga ezithinta ukusebenza okuvamile kwesethi yephampu, amanani ahambisanayo kufanele akhethwe futhi afakwe esikhundleni sefomula yokubala. Phakathi kwawo, izinga lokushisa kanye nobuningi bendawo ephakathi kubalwa ngokwamanani ahambisanayo ku-"Ukucindezela Kokuhwamuka Nobuningi Bamanzi Ezindaweni Zokushisa Ezihlukene", kanti ukuphakama kubalwa ngokwamanani ahambisanayo ku-"Ukuphakama Nokucindezela Komoya Kwamadolobha Amakhulu Ezweni". Enye i-NPSH evumelekile ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha, ngokusho kwe-NPSHr×1.4 (leli nani okungenani lingu-1.4).
3. Uma ingcindezi yokungena yephampu evamile ingu-≤0.2MPa, lapho ingcindezi yokungena + ikhanda × izikhathi ezingu-1.5 ≤ ingcindezi yokucindezela, khetha ngokwezinto ezivamile;
Ingcindezi yokungena + ikhanda × izikhathi ezingu-1.5 > ingcindezi yokucindezela, kufanele kusetshenziswe izinto ezijwayelekile ezihlangabezana nezidingo; uma ingcindezi yokungena iphezulu kakhulu noma ingcindezi yokuhlola iphezulu kakhulu, njll. engahlangabezani nezidingo, sicela uqinisekise ngobuchwepheshe bokushintsha impahla noma ukulungisa isikhunta nokwandisa ubukhulu bodonga;
4. Amamodeli ophawu lwemishini olujwayelekile lwepompo yile: uchungechunge lwe-M7N, M74 kanye ne-M37G-G92, okumele lusetshenziswe kuncike ekwakhiweni kwepompo, izinto zophawu lwemishini olujwayelekile: oluqinile/oluthambile (i-tungsten carbide/i-graphite); lapho ingcindezi yokungena ingu-≥0.8MPa, kumele kukhethwe uphawu lwemishini olulinganiselayo;
5. Kunconywa ukuthi izinga lokushisa eliphakathi lephampu yokumunca kabili akufanele lidlule u-120°C. Uma u-100°C ≤ izinga lokushisa eliphakathi ≤ 120°C, iphampu evamile idinga ukulungiswa: indawo yokuvala kanye nengxenye yokuthwala kumele ifakwe amanzi okupholisa ngaphandle kwendawo yokupholisa; wonke ama-O-ring ephampu enziwe ngawo. Ukusetshenziswa kokubili: irabha ye-fluorine (kufaka phakathi uphawu lomshini).
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-10-2023