1. Ndeipi musimboti mukuru wekushanda kwepombi yepakati?
Mota iyi inotyaira impeller kuti itenderere nekumhanya kwakanyanya, zvichiita kuti mvura ibudise simba re centrifugal. Nekuda kwesimba re centrifugal, mvura inokandwa muchikamu chedivi yoburitswa kubva mupombi, kana kupinda mu impeller inotevera, nokudaro ichideredza kumanikidzwa panzvimbo inopinzwa impeller, uye kugadzira musiyano wekumanikidzwa nekumanikidzwa kuchishanda pamvura inopinzwa. Musiyano wekumanikidzwa unoshanda papombi inopinzwa mvura. Nekuda kwekutenderera kunogara kuripo kwepombi ye centrifugal, mvura inoramba ichipinzwa kana kuburitswa.
2. Mashandiro emafuta ekuzora (mafuta) ndeapi?
Kuzora mafuta nekutonhodza, kupukuta, kuvhara, kuderedza kudedera, kudzivirira, uye kuburitsa zvinhu.
3. Mafuta ekuzora anofanira kusvinwa padanho ripi matatu asati ashandiswa?
Danho rekutanga: pakati pebhare repakutanga remafuta ekuzora nebhare rakagadzika;
Danho rechipiri: pakati pebhare remafuta rakagadzika nehari yemafuta;
Danho rechitatu: pakati pehari yemafuta nenzvimbo yekudira mafuta.
4. Chii chinonzi "zvishanu zvinosarudzwa" zvekuzora michina?
Nzvimbo yakatarwa: kuzadza mafuta panzvimbo yakatarwa;
Nguva: wedzera mafuta muzvikamu zvekuzora panguva yakatarwa uye chinja mafuta nguva nenguva;
Huwandu: wedzera mafuta zvichienderana nehuwandu hwekushandiswa;
Hunhu: sarudza mafuta akasiyana ekuzora zvichienderana nemhando dzakasiyana uye chengetedza hunhu hwemafuta hwakakodzera;
Munhu akatarwa: chikamu chega chega chekudira mafuta chinofanira kunge chine mutoro wemunhu akazvipira.
5. Ndeipi njodzi yemvura mumafuta ekuzora pombi?
Mvura inogona kuderedza kusimba kwemafuta ekuzora, kuderedza simba remafuta, uye kuderedza simba rekuzora.
Mvura inotonhora pasi pe0℃, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya kuyerera kwemafuta ekuzora pakupisa kushoma.
Mvura inogona kukurumidzisa oiri inozora uye kukurudzira ngura yemaasidhi eorganic asina mamorekuru mashoma kuita simbi.
Mvura inowedzera furo remafuta ekuzora uye inoita kuti zvive nyore kuti mafuta ekuzora agadzire furo.
Mvura ichaita kuti zvikamu zvesimbi zvive nengura.
6. Ndezvipi zviri mukati mekugadzirisa pombi?
Shandisai zvakasimba hurongwa hwekugadzirisa midziyo pamwe nemimwe mitemo nemirau mushure mebasa.
Kuzora michina kunofanira kusvika pa "zviyero zvishanu" uye "kusefa kwematanho matatu", uye michina yekuzora inofanira kunge yakakwana uye yakachena.
Zvishandiso zvekugadzirisa, nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza, midziyo yekudzimisa moto, nezvimwewo zvakakwana uye hazvina kukanganiswa uye zvakaiswa zvakanaka.
7. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa zvakajairika pakubuda kwechisimbiso chemugodhi?
Chisimbiso chekurongedza: madonhwe asingasviki makumi maviri paminiti yemafuta akareruka uye madonhwe asingasviki gumi paminiti yemafuta anorema
Chisimbiso chemuchina: madonhwe asingasviki gumi paminiti yemafuta akareruka uye madonhwe mashanu paminiti yemafuta anorema
8. Chii chinofanira kuitwa usati watanga pombi ye centrifugal?
Tarisa kana pombi yepombi nemapaipi ekubuditsa mvura, mavharuvhu, uye maflanges zvakasungwa, kana mabhaudhi ekona yepasi akasununguka, kana coupling (vhiri) yakabatana, uye kana pressure gauge ne thermometer zviri nyore kushandisa.
Tendeudza vhiri kaviri kusvika katatu kuti uone kana kutenderera kwacho kuchichinjika uye kana paine ruzha rusina kujairika.
Tarisa kana mhando yemafuta ekuzora yakaenzana uye kana huwandu hwemafuta hwakachengetwa pakati pehafu nehafu yehwindo.
Vhura vharuvhu inopinza mvura wovhara vharuvhu inoburitsa mvura, vhura vharuvhu yemaoko inonzi pressure gauge uye mavharuvhu akasiyana-siyana emvura inotonhorera, mavharuvhu emafuta anodziya, nezvimwewo.
Usati watanga, pombi inotakura mafuta anopisa inofanira kunge yapiswa kusvika pakupisa kwakasiyana kwe40~60℃ nekupisa kwekushanda. Kupisa hakufanirwe kudarika 50℃/awa, uye kupisa kwakanyanya hakufanirwe kudarika 40℃ yekupisa kwekushanda.
Bata nyanzvi yemagetsi kuti ikupe magetsi.
Kune mota dzisingaputike, tanga feni kana kuisa mweya unopisa usingaputike kuti ubvise gasi rinobvira riri mupombi.
9. Ungachinja sei pombi ye centrifugal?
Kutanga, gadziriro dzese dzisati dzatanga pombi dzinofanira kuitwa, dzakadai sekudziisa pombi. Zvichienderana nekuyerera kwepombi, simba remagetsi, kumanikidzwa, mwero wemvura nezvimwe zvinoenderana, musimboti ndewokuti utange pombi yakamira, mirira kuti zvikamu zvese zvive zvakajairika, uye mushure mekunge kumanikidzwa kwakwira, vhura vharuvhu yekubuditsa zvishoma nezvishoma, uye vhara vharuvhu yekubuditsa zvishoma nezvishoma yepombi yakachinja kusvika vharuvhu yekubuditsa yepombi yakachinja yavharwa zvachose, uye misa pombi yakachinja, asi kuchinja kwema parameter akadai sekuyerera kunokonzerwa nekuchinja kunofanira kuderedzwa.
10. Sei zvisingakwanisepombi yepakatikutanga kana dhisiki risingafambi?
Kana dhisiki repombi recentrifugal risingafambe, zvinoreva kuti pane zvikanganiso mukati mepombi. Dambudziko iri rinogona kunge riri rekuti impeller yanamira kana kuti shaft yepombi yakakombama zvakanyanya, kana kuti zvikamu zvinoshanduka uye zvisingachinji zvepombi zvaita ngura, kana kuti kumanikidzwa kuri mukati mepombi kwakakwira zvakanyanya. Kana dhisiki repombi risingafambe uye richimanikidzwa kutanga, simba remota rakasimba rinoita kuti shaft yepombi itenderere nesimba, izvo zvinozokonzera kukuvara kwezvikamu zvemukati, zvakaita sekutyoka kweshaft yepombi, kumonyoroka, kupwanya impeller, kupisa kwemota, uye zvinogonawo kukonzera kuti mota igumbuke uye itange kutadza kushanda.
11. Basa rekuvhara mafuta nderei?
Zvikamu zvinotonhodza zvekuvhara; kukwesha mafuta; kudzivirira kukuvara kwevacuum.
12. Sei pombi yekumira ichifanira kutenderedzwa nguva nenguva?
Kune mabasa matatu ekugadzirisa crank nguva dzose: kudzivirira kuti scale isabatirire mupombi; kudzivirira kuti pombi isakanganise chimiro; kugadzirisa crank kunogonawo kuunza mafuta ekuzora panzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzekugadzirisa crank kudzivirira kuti shaft isaite ngura. Mabheringi akazorwa anobatsira kuti injini itange kushanda nekukurumidza kana paine dambudziko.
13. Sei pombi yemafuta anopisa ichifanira kupiswa isati yatanga?
Kana pombi yemafuta inopisa ikatangwa isina kudziiswa, mafuta anopisa anokurumidza kupinda mumuviri wepombi inotonhora, zvichikonzera kudziiswa kusina kuenzana kwemuviri wepombi, kuwedzera kukuru kwekupisa kwechikamu chepamusoro chepombi uye kuwedzera kudiki kwekupisa kwechikamu chezasi, zvichiita kuti shaft yepombi ikotama, kana kukonzera kuti muromo wepombi uye chisimbiso cherotor zvinamire; kutanga nekumanikidzwa kuchaita kuti tsaona dzekusakara, shaft inamire, uye tsaona dzekukuvara kweshaft.
Kana mafuta ane viscosity yakanyanya asina kupiswa, mafuta acho anozopinda mumuviri wepombi, zvichiita kuti pombi isakwanise kuyerera mushure mekutanga, kana kuti mota ichagumburwa nekuda kwesimba guru rekutanga.
Nekuda kwekusapisa zvakakwana, kuwedzera kwekupisa kwezvikamu zvakasiyana zvepombi hakuzove kwakaenzana, zvichikonzera kubuda kwenzvimbo dzekuvhara dzisingachinji. Zvakadai sekubuda kweflanges dzekubuditsa nedzekupinda, flanges dzepombi, uye mapaipi ekuenzanisa, uye kunyange moto, kuputika nedzimwe tsaona dzakakomba.
14. Chii chinofanira kutariswa paunenge uchidziisa pombi yemafuta anopisa?
Maitiro ekutanga ekudziisa anofanira kunge akarurama. Maitiro ese ndeaya: pombi yekubuditsa pombi → pombi yekubuditsa pombi uye pombi yekubuditsa pombi → pombi yekuputitsa pombi → pombi yekuputitsa pombi → pombi yekuputitsa pombi.
Vharuvhu yekudziya isati yatanga haifanirwe kuvhurwa zvakanyanya kuti pombi isadzokere shure.
Kumhanya kwekupisa kwepombi hakufanirwe kunge kwakanyanya kukurumidza uye kunofanirwa kunge kuri pasi pe50℃/awa. Muzviitiko zvakakosha, kumhanya kwekupisa kunogona kukurumidziswa nekupa utsi, mvura inopisa nezvimwe zviyero kupombi.
Munguva yekupisa, pombi inofanira kutenderedzwa 180° maminitsi ega ega 30 ~ 40 kudzivirira kuti pombi isakotame nekuda kwekupisa kusina kuenzana kumusoro nekudzika.
Sisitimu yemvura inotonhorera yebhokisi remabheyaringi nechigaro chepombi inofanira kuvhurwa kuchengetedza mabheyaringi nezvisimbiso zvemubato.
15. Chii chinofanira kutariswa mushure mekunge pombi yemafuta anopisa yamiswa?
Mvura inotonhodza yechikamu chimwe nechimwe haigone kumiswa nekukasika. Mvura inotonhodza inogona kumiswa chete kana tembiricha yechikamu chimwe nechimwe yaderera kusvika patembiricha yakajairika.
Zvinorambidzwa zvachose kugeza pombi nemvura inotonhora kudzivirira pombi kuti isatonhore nekukurumidza uye ikanganise pombi.
Vhara vharuvhu yekubuditsa mvura, vharuvhu yekubuditsa mvura, uye mavharuvhu ekubatanidza pombi.
Tenderedza pombi 180° kwemaminitsi gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi matatu ega ega kusvika tembiricha yepombi yadzikira pasi pe100°C.
16. Ndezvipi zvikonzero zvekudziisa zvisina kujairika kwemapombi e centrifugal ari kushanda?
Kupisa chiratidzo chekuti simba remagetsi rinoshandurwa kuita simba rekupisa. Zvikonzero zvinowanzoita kuti pombi dzipiswe zvisina kujairika ndeizvi:
Kupisa kunoperekedzwa neruzha kunowanzo kukonzerwa nekukuvara kwefuremu yekudzivirira bhora rekuberekera.
Chivharo chebheyaringi chiri mubhokisi rebheyaringi chakasununguka, uye matinji epamberi neekumashure akasununguka, zvichikonzera kupisa nekuda kwekukweshana.
Buri rebearing rakakura zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti rin'i yekunze yebearing isununguke.
Pane zvinhu zvekunze zviri mumuviri wepombi.
Rotor inodedera zvine simba, zvichiita kuti rin'i yekuvhara ipere.
Pombi inobviswa kana kuti mutoro uri papombi wakakura zvakanyanya.
Rotor haina kuenzana.
Mafuta ekuzora akawandisa kana mashoma uye mhando yemafuta haina kukodzera.
17. Ndezvipi zvikonzero zvekudedera kwemapombi e centrifugal?
Rotor haina kuenzana.
Mubato wepombi nemota hazvina kurongeka, uye mhete yerabha yevhiri iri kukwegura.
Mhete yebearing kana sealing inopfekwa zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti rotor ive isina kujairika.
Pombi inobviswa kana kuti mupombi mune gasi.
Kumanikidzwa kwekusveta kwakaderera zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti mvura yacho iite utsi kana kuti iite utsi hwemvura.
Kusundidzira kwe axial kunowedzera, zvichiita kuti shaft iite tambo.
Kunyorovesa mabheringi nekurongedza zvisina kunaka, kupfeka zvakanyanya.
Mabheyaringi akasakara kana kukuvara.
Impeller yakavharwa zvishoma kana kuti mapaipi ekubatsira ekunze anodedera.
Mafuta ekuzora akawandisa kana mashoma (mafuta).
Kusimba kwehwaro hwepombi hakuna kukwana, uye mabhaudhi haana kusimba.
18. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa pakutembiricha yepombi ye centrifugal uye tembiricha yebheyaringi?
Mipimo yekudengenyeka kwemapombi e centrifugal ndeiyi:
Kumhanya kwacho kuri pasi pe1500vpm, uye kudedera kwacho kuri pasi pe0.09mm.
Kumhanya kwayo kuri 1500 ~ 3000vpm, uye kudedera kuri pasi pe 0.06mm.
Tembiricha yebearing ndeiyi: mabheyaringi anotsvedza ari pasi pe65℃, uye mabheyaringi anotenderera ari pasi pe70℃.
19. Kana pombi ichishanda zvakanaka, mvura inotonhodza inofanira kuvhurwa yakawanda sei?
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-03-2024