1. Iyini isimiso esiyinhloko sokusebenza kwe-iphampu ye-centrifugal?
Injini iqhuba i-impeller ukuthi ijikeleze ngesivinini esikhulu, okwenza uketshezi lukhiqize amandla e-centrifugal. Ngenxa yamandla e-centrifugal, uketshezi luphonswa emseleni oseceleni bese lukhishwa epompo, noma lungene ku-impeller elandelayo, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe ingcindezi ekungeneni kwe-impeller, futhi kwakheke umehluko wengcindezi lapho ingcindezi isebenza kuketshezi lokumunca. Umehluko wengcindezi usebenza epompo lokumunca uketshezi. Ngenxa yokujikeleza okuqhubekayo kwepompo ye-centrifugal, uketshezi luqhubeka lumuncwa noma lukhishwa.
2. Yimiphi imisebenzi yamafutha okugcoba (amafutha)?
Ukugcoba nokupholisa, ukuhlanza, ukuvala, ukunciphisa ukudlidliza, ukuvikela, kanye nokukhulula impahla.
3. Yimaphi amazinga amathathu okuhlunga okufanele uwoyela wokugcoba udlule kuwo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa?
Izinga lokuqala: phakathi komgqomo wokuqala kawoyela wokugcoba nomgqomo oqinile;
Izinga lesibili: phakathi komgqomo kawoyela oqinile nebhodwe likawoyela;
Izinga lesithathu: phakathi kwebhodwe likawoyela nendawo yokuthela uphethiloli.
4. Ziyini "izinqumo ezinhlanu" zokugcotshwa kwemishini?
Iphuzu eliqinile: gcwalisa uphethiloli endaweni ecacisiwe;
Isikhathi: gcwalisa izingxenye zokugcoba ngesikhathi esibekiwe bese ushintsha uwoyela njalo;
Ubuningi: gcwalisa uphethiloli ngokwenani lokusetshenziswa;
Ikhwalithi: khetha amafutha ahlukene okugcoba ngokwezinhlobo ezahlukene bese ugcina ikhwalithi yamafutha ifanelekile;
Umuntu oshiwo: ingxenye ngayinye yokugcwalisa uphethiloli kumele ibe nesibopho somuntu ozinikele.
5. Yiziphi izingozi zamanzi ku-oyili wokugcoba wepompo?
Amanzi anganciphisa ukujiya kwamafutha okugcoba, enze buthaka amandla efilimu yamafutha, futhi anciphise umphumela wokugcoba.
Amanzi azoqanda ngaphansi kuka-0°C, okuthinta kakhulu ukugeleza kwamafutha okugcoba ngezinga lokushisa eliphansi.
Amanzi angasheshisa ukuwohloka kwamafutha okugcoba futhi akhuthaze ukugqwala kwama-asidi angaphansi kwama-molecule e-organic abe yizinsimbi.
Amanzi azokwandisa ukugqwala kwamafutha okugcoba futhi enze kube lula ukuthi amafutha okugcoba akhiqize igwebu.
Amanzi azokwenza izingxenye zensimbi zigqwale.
6. Kuyini okuqukethwe ukulungiswa kwephampu?
Sebenzisa ngokujulile uhlelo lwe-post responsibility kanye nokugcinwa kwemishini kanye neminye imithetho nemigomo.
Ukugcotshwa kwemishini kumele kufinyelele "ekunqunyweni okuhlanu" kanye "nokuhluzwa kwezinga ezintathu", futhi imishini yokugcotshwa kumele iphelele futhi ihlanzekile.
Amathuluzi okulungisa, izindawo zokuphepha, imishini yokulwa nomlilo, njll. aphelele futhi aphelele futhi abekwe kahle.
7. Yiziphi izindinganiso ezivamile zokuvuza kwe-shaft seal?
Isiciko sokupakisha: ngaphansi kwamaconsi angu-20/min amafutha alula kanye namaconsi angaphansi kuka-10/min amafutha anzima
Ukuvalwa komshini: ngaphansi kwamaconsi ayi-10/ngomzuzu kawoyela olula kanye nangaphansi kwamaconsi ama-5/ngomzuzu kawoyela osindayo
8. Yini okufanele yenziwe ngaphambi kokuqala iphampu ye-centrifugal?
Hlola ukuthi umzimba wephampu kanye namapayipi okukhipha, amavalvu, kanye nama-flange kuqinisiwe yini, ukuthi amabhawodi e-angle yomhlabathi akhululekile yini, ukuthi i-coupling (isondo) ixhunyiwe yini, nokuthi i-pressure gauge kanye ne-thermometer kuyazwela yini futhi kulula ukukusebenzisa.
Jikisa isondo izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ukuze uhlole ukuthi ukujikeleza kuyaguquguquka yini nokuthi kukhona yini umsindo ongajwayelekile.
Hlola ukuthi ikhwalithi yamafutha okugcoba iyafaneleka yini nokuthi umthamo wamafutha ugcinwa phakathi kwe-1/3 ne-1/2 yefasitela.
Vula ivalvu yokungena bese uvala ivalvu yokuphuma, vula ivalvu yesandla ye-pressure gauge kanye namavalvu amanzi okupholisa ahlukahlukene, amavalvu kawoyela okuhlanza, njll.
Ngaphambi kokuqala, ipompo ethwala uwoyela oshisayo kumele ishiswe ngokushisa okuhlukile okungu-40~60℃ ngokushisa okusebenzayo. Izinga lokushisa akumele lidlule ku-50℃/ihora, futhi izinga lokushisa eliphezulu akumele lidlule ku-40℃ wokushisa okusebenzayo.
Xhumana nochwepheshe kagesi ukuze akunike amandla.
Kuma-motor angaqhumi, qala ifeni noma ufake umoya oshisayo ongaqhumi ukuze uphephule igesi evuthayo ephampini.
9. Ungayishintsha kanjani iphampu ye-centrifugal?
Okokuqala, wonke amalungiselelo ngaphambi kokuqala ipompo kufanele enziwe, njengokushisa ipompo kusengaphambili. Ngokusho kokugeleza kokuphuma kwepompo, ugesi, ingcindezi, izinga loketshezi kanye nezinye izilinganiso ezihlobene, isimiso ukuqala ipompo yokulinda kuqala, ulinde zonke izingxenye zibe zijwayelekile, futhi ngemva kokuba ingcindezi ikhuphuke, vula kancane ivalvu yokuphuma, bese uvala kancane ivalvu yokuphuma yepompo eshintshiwe kuze kube yilapho ivalvu yokuphuma yepompo eshintshiwe ivaliwe ngokuphelele, bese umisa ipompo eshintshiwe, kodwa ukuguquguquka kwamapharamitha njengokugeleza okubangelwa ukushintsha kufanele kuncishiswe.
10. Kungani i-iphampu ye-centrifugalqala lapho idiski ingahambi?
Uma idiski yepompo ye-centrifugal ingahambi, kusho ukuthi kukhona iphutha ngaphakathi kwepompo. Leli phutha lingaba ukuthi i-impeller ibambekile noma i-pump shaft igobile kakhulu, noma izingxenye eziguquguqukayo nezinganyakazi zepompo zigqwalile, noma ingcindezi engaphakathi kwepompo iphezulu kakhulu. Uma idiski yepompo ingahambi futhi iphoqelekile ukuqala, amandla emoto anamandla aqhuba i-pump shaft ukuthi ijikeleze ngamandla, okuzobangela umonakalo ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi, njengokuphuka kwe-pump shaft, ukusonta, ukuchoboza i-impeller, ukusha kwe-motor coil, futhi kungabangela nokuthi imoto ikhubeke futhi iqale ukwehluleka.
11. Iyini indima yamafutha okuvala?
Izingxenye zokuvala ezipholile; ukugqwala ngokugcoba; ukuvimbela umonakalo we-vacuum.
12. Kungani iphampu yokulinda kufanele ijikeleziswe njalo?
Kunemisebenzi emithathu yokugoba njalo: ukuvimbela isikali ukuthi singabambeki empompini; ukuvimbela umgodi wepompo ukuthi ungaguquki; ukugoba kungaletha namafutha okugcoba ezindaweni ezahlukene zokugcoba ukuvimbela umgodi ukuthi ungagqwali. Amabheringi agcotshiwe alungele ukuqala ngokushesha esimweni esiphuthumayo.
13. Kungani ipompo kawoyela oshisayo kufanele ishiswe ngaphambi kokuqala?
Uma ipompo kawoyela oshisayo iqalwa ngaphandle kokuyifudumeza kusengaphambili, uwoyela oshisayo uzongena ngokushesha emzimbeni wepompo ebandayo, okubangela ukufudumala okungalingani komzimba wepompo, ukwanda okukhulu kokushisa kwengxenye engenhla yomzimba wepompo kanye nokwanda okuncane kokushisa kwengxenye engezansi, okubangela ukuba umgodi wepompo ugobe, noma okubangela ukuthi indandatho yomlomo emzimbeni wepompo kanye nokuvalwa kwerotor kubhajwe; ukuqala ngenkani kuzobangela ukuguguleka, ukunamathela komgodi, kanye nezingozi zokuphuka komgodi.
Uma uwoyela one-viscosity ephezulu ungashiswanga, uwoyela uzoqina emzimbeni wepompo, okwenza ipompo ingakwazi ukugeleza ngemva kokuqala, noma injini izokhubeka ngenxa ye-torque enkulu yokuqala.
Ngenxa yokungafudumali ngokwanele, ukwanda kokushisa kwezingxenye ezahlukene zephampu ngeke kungalingani, okubangela ukuvuza kwezindawo zokuvala ezingaguquki. Njengokuvuza kwe-outlet flanges kanye ne-inlet flanges, i-pump body cover flanges, kanye namapayipi okulinganisela, ngisho nemililo, ukuqhuma nezinye izingozi ezinkulu.
14. Yini okufanele inakwe lapho kufudunyezwa ipompo kawoyela oshisayo?
Inqubo yokushisa kusengaphambili kumele ibe yilungile. Inqubo evamile yile: ipayipi lokukhipha iphampu → umugqa wokungena kanye nomugqa wokuphuma → umugqa wokushisa kusengaphambili → umzimba wephampu → umugqa wokungena wephampu.
Ivalvu yokushisa kwangaphambili ayikwazi ukuvulwa ibanzi kakhulu ukuvimbela iphampu ukuthi ibuyele emuva.
Ijubane lokushisa kusengaphambili lomzimba wephampu ngokuvamile akufanele libe lishesha kakhulu futhi kufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-50℃/h. Ezimweni ezikhethekile, ijubane lokushisa kusengaphambili lingasheshiswa ngokunikeza umusi, amanzi ashisayo nezinye izindlela emzimbeni wephampu.
Ngesikhathi sokushisa kwangaphambili, ipompo kufanele ijikeleziswe ngo-180° njalo ngemizuzu engama-30-40 ukuvimbela umgodi wepompo ukuthi ungagobi ngenxa yokushisa okungalingani phezulu naphansi.
Uhlelo lwamanzi okupholisa lwebhokisi lokuthwala kanye nesihlalo sephampu kufanele luvulwe ukuze kuvikelwe amabheringi kanye nezivalo zomgodi.
15. Yini okufanele inakwe ngemva kokumiswa kwepompo kawoyela oshisayo?
Amanzi okupholisa engxenye ngayinye awakwazi ukumiswa ngokushesha. Amanzi okupholisa angamiswa kuphela uma izinga lokushisa lengxenye ngayinye lehla liye ezingeni lokushisa elijwayelekile.
Akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukugeza umzimba wephampu ngamanzi abandayo ukuvimbela umzimba wephampu ukuthi uphole ngokushesha kakhulu futhi ukhubaze umzimba wephampu.
Vala ivalvu yokuphuma, ivalvu yokungena, kanye namavalvu okuxhumanisa okungena nokuphuma ephampu.
Jikisa ipompo ngo-180° njalo ngemizuzu eyi-15 kuya kwengama-30 kuze kube yilapho izinga lokushisa lepompo lehla ngaphansi kuka-100°C.
16. Yiziphi izizathu zokushisa okungavamile kwamaphampu e-centrifugal asebenzayo?
Ukushisa kuwukubonakaliswa kwamandla omshini aguqulwa abe amandla okushisa. Izizathu ezivamile zokushisa okungavamile kwamaphampu yilezi:
Ukushisa okuhambisana nomsindo kuvame ukubangelwa ukulimala kohlaka lokuhlukanisa ibhola lokuthwala.
Isivikelo sebhereyi ebhokisini lebhereyi siyaxega, kanti izindlala zangaphambili nezangemuva ziyaxega, okubangela ukushisa ngenxa yokungqubuzana.
Imbobo yokuthwala inkulu kakhulu, okwenza indandatho engaphandle yebheringi ikhululeke.
Kukhona izinto zangaphandle emzimbeni wephampu.
I-rotor iyavevezela ngamandla, okwenza indandatho yokuvala iguge.
Iphampu iyakhishwa noma umthwalo osephampini mkhulu kakhulu.
I-rotor ayilingani.
Uwoyela wokugcoba omningi kakhulu noma omncane kakhulu futhi ikhwalithi yawoyela ayifaneleki.
17. Yiziphi izizathu zokudlidliza kwamaphampu e-centrifugal?
I-rotor ayilingani.
Umgodi wepompo kanye nenjini akuqondile, futhi indandatho yerabha yesondo iyaguga.
Indandatho yokubopha noma yokuvala igqokwa kakhulu, okwenza i-rotor ibe yinqaba.
Iphampu iyakhishwa noma kukhona igesi ephampini.
Umfutho wokumunca uphansi kakhulu, okwenza uketshezi luphele noma lucishe luphele.
Ukucindezelwa kwe-axial kuyanda, okwenza umgodi uqine.
Ukugcotshwa okungalungile kwama-bearings kanye nokupakisha, ukuguguleka ngokweqile.
Ama-bearings agugile noma onakele.
I-impeller ivinjiwe kancane noma amapayipi angaphandle asizayo ayanyakaza.
Uwoyela wokugcoba omningi kakhulu noma omncane kakhulu (amafutha).
Ukuqina kwesisekelo sepompo akwanele, futhi amabhawodi akhululekile.
18. Yiziphi izindinganiso zokudlidliza kwephampu ye-centrifugal kanye nokushisa kwamabhere?
Izindinganiso zokudlidliza zamaphampu e-centrifugal yilezi:
Ijubane lingaphansi kuka-1500vpm, kanti ukudlidliza kungaphansi kuka-0.09mm.
Ijubane lingu-1500 ~ 3000vpm, futhi ukudlidliza kungaphansi kuka-0.06mm.
Izinga lokushisa lokuthwala yileli: ama-sliding bearings angaphansi kuka-65℃, kanti ama-rolling bearings angaphansi kuka-70℃.
19. Uma ipompo isebenza kahle, kufanele kuvulwe amanzi angakanani okupholisa?
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-03-2024